Sukma Dewi Fortuna, Author at DELOS Aqua

10May

12 Equipments for Vannamei Shrimp Ponds that Must Be Prepared

Vannamei shrimp pond equipment is the main thing that must be prepared before carrying out cultivation. This is because each pond must have its equipment and may be used differently.

Both small-scale and large-scale vannamei shrimp farming requires complete pond equipment, from intensive to semi-intensive ponds. Starting from aerators, and laboratory equipment, to equipment that must be in every pond.

So, here is the vannamei shrimp pond equipment that you have to prepare before cultivating:

Also Read: How to Cultivate Vannamei Shrimp from Preparation to Harvest

1. Aerators

The first vannamei shrimp pond equipment is an aerator or water wheel. The aerator plays a role in maintaining dissolved oxygen in the water and controlling the dirt and sludge in each pond.

Several types of aerators include waterwheels with paddle wheels, spiral, pump, vertical, and jet aerators. Meanwhile, the type selection depends on the type of cultivation being carried out.

2. Geomembrane (Plastic Coating)

Geomembrane is a plastic layer used as the bottom of the pond so that pond water does not mix with the soil. This layer maintains air quality to remain clean and not easily polluted.

Usually, the type of geomembrane used is mulch plastic or HDPE with a minimum thickness of 0.50 microns.

3. DO Meters

The DO Meter or Dissolved Oxygen Meter is vannamei shrimp pond equipment that measures dissolved oxygen in pond ponds. During cultivation, farmers must ensure that the supply of dissolved oxygen is at least > 4 ppm so that the shrimp can grow optimally.

4. Refractometer

A refractometer is a tool used to measure salinity in vannamei shrimp ponds. This vannamei shrimp pond equipment is quite important when the pond preparation stage is carried out, namely to measure the similarity of salinity between pond water and water in fry bags.

The optimal salinity level in vannamei shrimp pond water is 15-25 ppt.

5. pH meter

During cultivation, farmers must ensure that the pH of the water is always in optimal conditions. Therefore, a pH meter is needed to measure the acidity level of each pond.

How to use this vannamei shrimp pond equipment is first to take a sample of pond water, and then the pH meter will automatically show the pH number of the water. The optimal water pH for vannamei shrimp is 7.5-8.5.

6. Water Pump

Like water pumps in general, the water pump in vannamei shrimp ponds functions to drain water into the pond during pond preparation. In addition, this water pump also functions to ship the manure from the pond.

Also Read: Vannamei Shrimp Feed Management Tips for Your Anti-Loss Cultivation!

7. Shrimp Nets

Nets or nets are vannamei shrimp pond equipment needed when the harvest arrives. Not only the whole harvest, shrimp nets are also needed during partial harvesting and daily sampling.

8. Anco

Anco is vannamei shrimp pond equipment that must be in every pond. Usually, anco is placed in the corners of certain ponds with a calmer current. Each pond has one to four anco, which are adjusted to the pond area.

9. Siphon Hose

Siphon hoses in vannamei shrimp ponds are useful for sucking up the sludge at the bottom of the pond and draining it into the sewer. To carry out its function, this hose utilizes the force of gravity and water pressure.

In addition, siphon hoses can be used to detect death or if molting occurs in vannamei shrimp.

10. Secchi Disk

The Secchi Disk is vannamei shrimp pond equipment used to measure the turbidity level of water. Turbid pond water can cause oxygen holding capacity to be low, fish visibility to be reduced, and appetite to be disturbed. Of course, this can impact fish growth which becomes less than optimal.

As the name suggests, Secchi disks are circular, resembling discs whose surface is patterned in black and white. How to use it is quite easy, namely by tying it with a rope and putting it in the water. When the pattern on the secchi disk is no longer visible, the water pond’s brightness limit is at that depth.

11. Lighting Lamp

Lighting is one of the pieces of equipment that must exist in a shrimp pond. This lamp is one of the safety equipment that must be available to make it easier for farmers to monitor the condition of shrimp at night.

Usually, the type of lamp used has a wattage that is not too high, and the light needs to be more brightly. This is because shrimp are quite sensitive to light, which can cause stress to the shrimp.

12. AquaHero

The last name shrimp pond equipment is AquaHero. AquaHero is an application that you can operate via a gadget to record and monitor the growth of your shrimp during cultivation.

With AquaHero, you can also record daily water quality, get recommendations for action based on scientific analysis, and get an estimated Break Event Point (BEP) for cultivation.

Also Read: 4 Types of Vannamei Shrimp Farms You Have to Know

Profitable Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation with DELOS!

Preparing ponds can be very confusing. This is because many things must be prepared, including vannamei shrimp pond equipment.

However, there’s no need to worry because DELOS is here to help you prepare for vannamei shrimp farming! DELOS is the best science, technology, and operational management-based aqua-tech company that can help you find new opportunities in the field

Our Farm Management is also integrated with the AquaHero app, making it easier for you to monitor pond conditions daily.

DELOS also has AquaLink, a supply chain program to help our partners get the best products and prices for their shrimp farming.

So, immediately contact DELOS at contact@delosaqua.com or submit your questions via the contact column on our website, www.delosaqua.com. Let’s start vannamei shrimp farming with DELOS!

02May

AquacultureTechnology

5 Types of Shrimp Pond Aerators and Their Functions

A shrimp pond aerator is one of the main components in aquaculture, especially in intensive and super-intensive ponds. An aerator is a tool that serves to dissolve free oxygen into pond water.

The existence of a water wheel and other supporting equipment for shrimp growth in aquaculture is intended so that ponds can become a comfortable ecosystem for shrimp growth. So that shrimp can grow optimally.

Shrimp pond aerator functions to create aeration. Aeration is a process of increasing the oxygen content in the aquatic environment to ensure that the organisms that live in it get an adequate supply of oxygen and live healthily.

In this article, let’s discover the types of waterwheels commonly used in shrimp ponds and their functions!

Also Read: 4 Types of Vannamei Shrimp Harvest Time

The Function of the Shrimp Pond Aerator

Increasing the supply of oxygen in the water stabilizes the biological processes of shrimp.
Ensuring the shrimp get an adequate supply of dissolved oxygen
Improve the quality of the water where shrimp live.
Helps distribute nutrients and feed evenly into the pond.
Make it easier for pond bottom manure to be directed to the disposal center so that the pond bottom is easier to clean.

Types of Pond Aerators

1. Pond Waterwheel with Paddle Wheel

paddle wheel shrimp pond aerator — Source: Roy et al. 2015

In terms of performance, the paddle-wheel water wheel is the most effective aerator on the pond surface. The parts consist of a frame, motor, float, clutch, deceleration engine, bearings, and paddle wheel.

This waterwheel works by splashing water into the air and capturing oxygen to increase the DO content. The more bubbles produced, the more oxygen is captured.

2. Spiral Aerators

spiral aerator for shrimp pond — Source: Roy et al. 2017

A spiral aerator is an improvised form of a paddle-wheel water wheel, the difference being the shape of the wheels. As the name suggests, this aerator wheel is spiral. In addition, there are several other differences, such as reducing the gearbox or reducer, handle, and connecting shaft.

Meanwhile, in terms of how it works, spiral aerators also sprinkle water into the air to capture oxygen. However, it gets many more bubbles than a regular paddle wheel waterwheel.

3. Pump Sprayer Aerator

A pump aerator is a type of aerator that works by drawing water into a vertical tube and then sprinkling it into the air to capture oxygen. The water will be deflected radially and then fall back to the surface in an umbrella-like pattern.

This type of aerator is widely chosen because it does not require much special care. However, its use can only reach a small area, while it needs to be optimal in large sizes.

In-use pump aerators are usually used in small ponds or can also be used in large ponds but in combination with other types of aerators.

Also Read: Getting to Know the DOC Terms in Shrimp Farming

4. Vertical Pump Aerator

A vertical pump aerator has the same working principle as a pump aerator, which is to draw water into the pump tube and then sprinkle it into the air.

Vertical pump aerators are more suitable for small ponds up to 0.25 Ha because the splash produced by this aerator is not as big as a waterwheel. Meanwhile, the capacity ranges from 1 kW to more than 50 kW.

5. Jet Aerators

shrimp pond aerator — Source: Roy et al. 2017

The jet aerator consists of a shrimp pond water wheel composed of a frame, air suction pipe, propeller, and driving motor. Unlike other types of aerators, the propellers of this aerator are in the water.

The way it works starts with a propeller rotating in the water and sucking in air from outside the pool through a pipe. After the air is sucked in and enters the water, bubbles will appear, indicating that the oxygen supply is starting to enter.

Also Read: What is MBW Term In Shrimp Farming and How To Calculate It?

Fulfill Your Farm Equipment Needs with AquaLink!

Aerators or waterwheels are important in shrimp farming, especially for intensive and super-intensive ponds. This aerator supplies oxygen into the water so the shrimp can grow optimally.

To meet the needs of shrimp pond aerators and other pond equipment, you can get them through DELOS AquaLink!

Delos AquaLink is an integrated supply chain that connects our partners to get the products they need for their ponds with the best quality and price. Through AquaLink, you can get your needs for pond equipment, feed, medicine, logistics, and harvesting services.

To become part of AquaLink, contact DELOS directly via contact@delosaqua.com or submit via the contact column on our website www.delosaqua.com. Let’s partner up!

02May

Aquaculture

The Importance of Alkalinity in Shrimp Ponds, Check Your Alkalinity Now!

Alkalinity in shrimp ponds is the capacity of pond water to neutralize acid, which is measured based on its constituent components in the form of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), carbonate (CO32-), and hydroxide (OH-). Alkalinity is an important parameter of water quality and influences the success of cultivation.

Alkalinity is also a buffer or water pH buffer. Stable water pH is crucial for shrimp growth because any fluctuation outside the optimum limit can cause stress, decreased growth rate, susceptibility to disease, and even death.

Water in an aquaculture system can come from direct watershed runoff, rivers, lakes, estuaries, seas, or wells with varying alkalinity values. If the alkalinity is low, liming is usually done to increase it.

Also Read: These are 7 Tips for Successful and Profitable Vannamei Shrimp Harvest

What Is Alkalinity in Shrimp Pond?

Alkalinity is the ability of water to buffer pH by neutralizing hydrogen cations using water anion components which include bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), carbonate (CO32-), and hydroxide (OH-). Therefore, alkalinity is an important water quality parameter in shrimp ponds.

Maintaining optimal alkalinity in shrimp ponds is critical to stabilizing pH levels, which can affect shrimp health and growth. Optimal alkalinity in shrimp ponds ranges from 130-180 ppm.

Alkalinity below the optimum range in shrimp ponds can cause pH fluctuations. This can cause stress to the shrimp and increase the risk of disease outbreaks. Agricultural lime is usually added gradually to overcome this until it reaches the optimum alkalinity range.

Factors Affecting Changes in Alkalinity

The alkalinity may remain constant, increase, or decrease during the shrimp culture period. Occasionally, the reduction may be so drastic as to require additional liming to keep the alkalinity within the optimal range.

1. Adding Water to the Pond

Adding water to pond ponds can often cause the alkalinity to change. For example, the alkalinity will decrease when a pond gets additional healthy water. To overcome this, farmers need to add limestone, which will dissolve and increase the alkalinity of the water.

2. High Rainfall

In addition, high rainfall can also affect changes in pond alkalinity. Significantly when water evaporation exceeds precipitation, which causes alkalinity to increase. On the other hand, if the precipitation is higher, the alkalinity will decrease because rainwater usually does not contain measurable alkalinity.

3. Denitrification Process

Denitrification, or the process of reducing nitrate to nitrogen gas by bacteria that occurs in ponds, can also increase the alkalinity of the water. This is because denitrification releases one hydroxide ion for every nitrate ion converted into nitrogen gas. While the nitrification process releases two nitrogen ions for every ammonium ion converted to nitrate.

Also Read: 4 Types of Vannamei Shrimp Farms You Have to Know

Tips to Increase Alkalinity Value in Shrimp Ponds

1. Increase Alkalinity in Shrimp Ponds with Addition of Dolomite (Calcium Magnesium Carbonate)

Dolomite is widely used to increase alkalinity values. This is because dolomite is also rich in calcium, magnesium and carbonate. With the addition of dolomite lime, the alkalinity of the water can be appropriately maintained.

2. Soda Ash (Sodium Carbonate)

Soda sodium carbonate can also be used to increase the alkalinity of water. However, its use is better done by adding it little by little in one day to hold pH variations properly.

3. Increase Alkalinity in Shrimp Ponds with Baking Soda (Sodium Bicarbonate)

Lastly, baking soda can also be used to increase the alkalinity value of water. Applying sodium bicarbonate is also the same: mixing it gradually into the pond water.

Also Read: Partial Harvest of Vannamei Shrimp and Its Benefits to Increase Profits

Record and Monitor Alkalinity in Your Shrimp Pond with AquaHero!

Alkalinity in vannamei shrimp farming is essential for developing and maintaining shrimp health. Therefore, farmers must constantly monitor the alkalinity value and keep it in the optimal range.

To make it easier for you to monitor the alkalinity of vannamei shrimp ponds and other water quality parameters, you can use AquaHero!

AquaHero is a shrimp pond management application that offers the convenience of monitoring pond conditions based on uploaded and personalized data.

AquaHero also makes it easy for you to monitor the condition of your shrimp pond anytime and anywhere, every day, in real-time.

To use AquaHero, you can contact the DELOS Team via contact@delosaqua.com or submit via our website’s contact column at www.delosaqua.com. Monitor your pond water quality in real time with AquaHero!

24Apr

Tips

How to Reduce Vannamei Shrimp FCR for More Profitable Cultivation

In vannamei shrimp farming, feed management is essential because feed costs around 40-50% of the total costs incurred during cultivation. Therefore, farmers must know how to reduce the FCR (feed conversion ratio) to manage feed costs.

Poor feed management can cause several problems. One that is often encountered is overfeeding. This causes high FCR and production costs during cultivation.

However, before knowing how to reduce the FCR, farmers must first understand what causes the FCR in the vannamei shrimp culture to be high. Come on, see the following discussion to find out.

Also Read: The Efficiency of Vannamei Shrimp FCR for Successful Cultivation

Causes of High FCR

Limsuwan (2010) states five mistakes generally occur in vannamei shrimp feed management practices. These errors lead to high FCR numbers.

1. High Pond Water Temperature

Water temperatures higher than optimal conditions can cause the shrimp’s metabolic system to be disrupted. This causes a decrease in shrimp appetite so that the feed is unused. The accumulation of leftover feed and feces at the bottom of the pond can reduce the quality of pond water, impacting the shrimp’s health. In addition, the growth of the shrimp will also be slow because the feed given needs to be eaten completely.

2. Overfeeding

Overfeeding is a common problem when farmers determine the amount of feed given based on the amount of feed remaining in the anco. On the other hand, farmers must provide feed based on the stocking density of shrimp.

Farmers must know how many fries are stocked in each pond and consistently monitor the survival rate (SR) to determine how many shrimp are left in the pond to calculate the amount of feed to be given.

3. Frequency of Excessive Feeding

Usually, the feeding of vannamei shrimp is 3 to 5 times daily for 4.5 hours.

However, few farmers use a different feeding system, for example, four times a day for only 3 hours. With this feeding frequency, more feed will be left, and the FCR will be high.

4. The Water Flow is Too Fast

In intensive system vannamei shrimp farming, shrimp cultivated with high stocking densities require several ‘wheels’ to maintain optimal DO (dissolved oxygen). However, if the waterwheel current is too fast, the feed will settle in the middle of the pond so that the shrimp will not eat and waste it.

The way to prevent this problem is to turn off some of the waterwheels at the time of feeding so that the water currents do not carry the feed to the pond’s center. However, all the pinwheels should not be turned off simultaneously, especially if the prawns have reached their adult size. This is to avoid the shrimp’s lack of oxygen.

5. Lack of Waterwheels

A sufficient number of wheels in a pond can prevent sediment from accumulating at the bottom of the pond. This causes the oxygen levels in the pond to decrease and fall below the optimal level, which triggers a decrease in appetite and growth of vannamei shrimp so that the FCR becomes high.

In addition, oxygen levels that are not optimal can also make aerobic bacteria not get enough oxygen to break down the sludge and sediment that has accumulated in the middle of the pond, so that anaerobic bacteria will take over the decomposition process with by-products that are harmful to shrimp, such as ammonia, nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

The way to prevent the problem of lack of pinwheels is to reduce the number of shrimp stocked in the pond so that there will be enough oxygen and the pond bottom will remain clean during the rearing period.

Also Read: Vannamei Shrimp Probiotics and Its Benefits For Cultivation

How to Reduce Vannamei Shrimp FCR

1. Make Sure the Water Quality is Always Optimal

Maintaining water quality parameters in maintenance to ensure optimal growth and FCR of vannamei shrimp is important for the growth and health of vannamei shrimp. Shrimp are very sensitive to environmental changes, and optimal water quality is expected to produce a good FCR value.

2. Optimize Stocking Density

Excessive vannamei shrimp stocking densities can result in high FCR because shrimp compete for food and space. Some tips for optimizing the feed conversion ratio (FCR) can be done by giving feed periodically throughout the day, avoiding overfeeding, make sure the feeding is done evenly.

3. Do Regular and Proper Feeding

Shrimp need proper feed intake to grow and achieve optimal feed conversion ratio (FCR). Therefore, farmers must provide feed regularly throughout the day with the appropriate dose based on the age and body size of the shrimp.

4. Adjust the Feeding Frequency

Vaname shrimp must be fed with sufficient frequency to meet their nutritional needs. However, the frequency of this feeding should not be too frequent which can cause the feed not to run out and be wasted.

Excessive feeding can lead to higher FCR due to increased uneaten feed residue. This leftover feed can also damage water quality and reduce growth rates.

Also Read: Types of Vannamei Shrimp Feeds to Make Your Shrimp Grow Faster

Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation More Profitable with DELOS!

How to suppress FCR in vannamei shrimp cultivation is important for farmers to know. This is because a high FCR can occur at any time if the applied feed management is not optimal and causes the cultivation to be less productive.

Now, you can entrust the management of your vannamei shrimp ponds to DELOS! DELOS offers pond management based on science, technology, and the best operational management for more productive vannamei shrimp farming practices.

DELOS farm management is also integrated with the AquaHero application, making it easy for every farm owner and farm personnel to monitor the condition of shrimp ponds anytime and anywhere.

Also, DELOS also has AquaLink, an integrated supply chain program that can help you obtain and sell pond products at competitive prices with the best quality.

You can contact our team via contact@delosaqua.com or submit your vannamei shrimp farming problems on our website at www.delosaqua.com. Vannamei shrimp farming is more profitable with DELOS!

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Source:

Limsuwan, C. (2010). How to Prevent High Feed Conversion Ration in Shrimp Farming. Kasetsart University Fisheries Research Bulletin 2020, Volume 34 (1) page 28-34.

21Apr

Tips

Intensive Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation, How to Do It?

Intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation is increasingly being chosen by farmers because of its higher productivity and profitability. But on the other hand, the risks encountered during cultivation are also higher.

In an intensive system, vannamei shrimp cultivation, high technology and capital are needed. Starting from feed that completely relies on artificial feed, using aerators to maintain dissolved oxygen levels, and so on.

Although it requires high capital and technology, the profitability of intensive system cultivation is also high. This is what makes intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation chosen by many farmers.

So, how to do it? Check out the full explanation in this article.

Also Read: 5 Characteristics of Intensive Vannamei Shrimp Pond You Should Know

Method of Intensive System Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation

1. Pond Preparation

Intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation is carried out by spreading fry in large numbers in a relatively small area and a controlled environment. So that farmers must prepare everything appropriately and according to standards so that shrimp can grow optimally, one of which is pond land.

Land preparation is the first step that farmers must take before cultivation. Some of the land preparations for intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation include:

Water treatment in the main reservoir.
Pond construction improvement.
Pond bottom processing which includes drying and liming.
Installing plastic mulch.
Water filling to a depth of 10 cm.
Extermination of pests and pathogens.
Water filling up to 70%.
Plankton growth.
Growth of probiotic bacteria.

2. Spreading Vannamei Shrimp Seeds

The next step for intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation is spreading fry. The number of fries stocked is usually adjusted to each farmer’s production target and the pond’s area.

Vannamei shrimp fry will be stocked after the water quality parameters are optimal. Usually, the fry will be stocked in the morning or at night to avoid stress due to significant environmental differences.

3. Maintenance

In the daily maintenance of intensive vannamei shrimp farming, it is necessary to routinely control water quality parameters and feed and adjust the use of aerators in pond ponds.

The frequency of feeding vannamei shrimp must be adjusted to the shrimp consumption and growth rate. This is useful so that the FCR number remains optimal. Meanwhile, control can be done through anco from each pond.

4. Pest and Disease Control

Disease control in vannamei shrimp cultivation should be carried out with preventive or preventive measures before the disease infects the shrimp. Preventive actions can be carried out by applying biosecurity and immunostimulants.

Meanwhile, disease detection is usually done by observing the body morphology of the shrimp and conducting PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests in the laboratory periodically.

5. Harvest

The intensive system vannamei shrimp harvest occurs when the shrimp are over 100 days old or have reached a certain weight and size. However, in an intensive system of vannamei shrimp, partial harvest is carried out to reduce the density of the shrimp.

Apart from partial harvests, other types of harvests are usually carried out by farmers, namely normal harvests, abnormal harvests, and emergency harvests.

Also Read: 4 Elements of Vannamei Shrimp Farm Management That Must Be Considered

Choose DELOS for your Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation

Many farmers choose intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation because the profits can be maximized compared to other types of cultivation. However, the risks that must be faced are quite high, so farmers must always pay attention to all aspects of cultivation.

For those who want to practice intensive vannamei shrimp farming to maximize profits, you can start easily with DELOS.

DELOS is the best science, technology and operational management-based aqua-tech company that can help you explore new opportunities in aquaculture.

DELOS farm management is also supported by the AquaHero application, which can make it easier for you to monitor the condition of the shrimp in the pond just through a gadget every day.

Want to get pond supplies at affordable prices? AquaLink can connect you with producers and farm owners to get and sell pond products at the best prices.

Contact the DELOS Team via contact@delosaqua.com or submit via our website contact column at www.delosaqua.com to get the best offer for your vannamei shrimp farming business. Manage your shrimp ponds with DELOS!

17Mar

Tips

Causes and Ways to Overcome Stress in Vannamei Shrimp

Stress in vannamei shrimp is a common problem in aquaculture that can harm growth, health, and shrimp production. What’s more, this shrimp is susceptible to stress due to its sensitivity to environmental changes.

Vannamei shrimp is one of the most widely cultivated species worldwide due to its fast growth rate, high survival rate, and disease resistance.

However, farmers often face the challenge of stress on their shrimp, which can lead to reduced growth rates, decreased survival, and increased susceptibility to disease.

Therefore, we will discuss more deeply how to stress vannamei shrimp. Including the signs and how to overcome them.

Also Read: The Importance of Sea Level Altitude for Aquaculture

Causes of Shrimp Stress

1. Water quality

Poor water quality, including low oxygen levels, high ammonia and nitrite levels, to pH fluctuations, can cause stress for vannamei shrimp during cultivation.

2. Handling and Transportation

Handling and moving shrimp that are rough and not according to standards can also cause stress to the shrimp. This is because shrimp are sensitive to external stimuli, such as shock, exposure to too high a temperature, and overcrowding.

3. Environmental factor

Shrimp are sensitive to sudden environmental changes. Examples include rapid changes in light, temperature, and salinity. This sudden change can be a stress-causing factor for vannamei shrimp.

4. Inappropriate Feed and Nutrition

Poor or inadequate feed quality can cause stress to shrimp. This is because feed with poor quality can cause shrimp to experience an imbalance in the nutrients, vitamins, and minerals they get.

Signs of Stressed Shrimp

Farmers must continue to monitor shrimp during cultivation for signs of stress to prevent a more significant impact of losses. Here are some common symptoms of stress on vannamei shrimp:

Appetite and eating activity is reduced
Reduced activity and behavior become sluggish
Shrimp mortality rate increases
Abnormal swimming behavior, such as swimming in circles and darting.
Poor growth rate
Color change in the shrimp body

Also Read: The Threats of Nitrite in Shrimp Ponds and How to Overcome It

Impact of Stress on Shrimp

Stress in shrimp has a significant impact on shrimp health and growth. That is why farmers must constantly monitor the condition of the shrimp so they don’t experience stress during cultivation.

1. Lowering Shrimp Immunity

Stress can have a direct impact on the shrimp’s immunity. To be precise, it can significantly lower the immune level. This makes the shrimp more susceptible to disease and infection.

2. Reduced Growth

Stress can indirectly inhibit the growth of vannamei shrimp during cultivation. Stressed shrimp tend to have a disturbed diet, so not as many nutrients are absorbed.

3. Increasing Mortality Rate

Severe or prolonged stress can increase mortality among pond shrimp populations.

4. Behavior Change

Changes in behavior also have a direct impact when the vannamei shrimp are stressed. These changes include decreased activity levels and changes in diet.

How to Overcome Stress Shrimp

Preventing and managing stress in vannamei shrimp requires careful monitoring and management of environmental and physiological factors. Here are some ways to deal with stress on vannamei shrimp:

1. Monitor Water Quality Regularly

Monitoring water quality parameters regularly can be a way of preventing stress on vannamei shrimp. This is because optimal water parameters are the best environment for growing shrimp.

Therefore, regularly check water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen levels, and make adjustments in case of fluctuations to maintain optimal conditions.

2. Give Enough Nutrition Shrimp

Adequate nutrition can make shrimp grow optimally and avoid stress. Ensure to provide balanced nutrition in feed and probiotics to support shrimp growth.

3. Adjust Stocking Density with Pond Capacity and Cultivation Type

Vannamei shrimp stocking densities that are excessive and not under pond capacity can cause stress to the shrimp. Because shrimp will compete with each other to get food and space for movement.

4. Shrimp Acclimatization

The last way to prevent stress on vannamei shrimp is to acclimate the shrimp gradually to changes in water quality parameters.

Also Read: Types of Shrimp that are Often Cultivated in Ponds

Consult the Condition of Your Shrimp on DELOS!

Stress on vannamei shrimp can trigger various diseases that are detrimental to cultivation. Therefore, farmers must know the causes and how to handle them. Considering that vannamei shrimp is a type of shrimp prone to stress.

When shrimp are stressed, as a farmer, you may need clarification about what steps to take to overcome them. However, now you don’t need to worry because you can consult DELOS directly about the condition of your shrimp.

With the best-dedicated science team, DELOS can help you monitor the condition of your shrimp and take the best action if specific problems arise.

Immediately contact the DELOS Team via contact@delosaqua.com or submit your pond problems in the contact column on our website at www.delosaqua.com. Immediately consult the condition of your shrimp on DELOS before it’s too late!

16Mar

Aquaculture

Partial Harvest of Vannamei Shrimp and Its Benefits to Increase Profits

Partial harvest of vannamei shrimp is something that farmers often do to maximize profits during cultivation, especially for those who implement semi-intensive, intensive super-intensive cultivation systems.

Vannamei shrimp is a species that is popular and most sought after by the global market. This shrimp has a fast growth rate and is suitable for aquaculture, so farmers widely choose it.

In order to maximize profits and ensure sustainable cultivation, farmers need to be aware of the benefits of partial harvesting. Let’s read more of these benefits in this article.

Also Read: These are 7 Tips for Successful and Profitable Vannamei Shrimp Harvest

What Is Partial Harvest?

Partial harvest is a technique for harvesting only a portion of the shrimp in the pond, allowing the rest to grow and develop. This harvesting technique can be done several times in one cultivation cycle, allowing farmers to manage their harvests and maximize profits.

Partial harvesting is a common technique used in vannamei shrimp farming to help regulate population densities and ensure consistent growth rates. By doing partial harvests, farmers can prevent overcrowding which can lead to stunted shrimp growth, disease outbreaks, and reduced survival rates.

Shrimp Partial Harvest Preparation

Before carrying out a partial harvest in vannamei shrimp farming, you must carefully prepare and plan for a successful harvest. Here are some preparatory steps you can take:

1. Determine the Optimal Harvest Size

Farmers must determine the ideal size for harvesting shrimp based on demand and market prices. This will help ensure the harvested shrimp can be sold at the most profitable prices.

2. Check the Water Quality

Farmers should check water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, etc., to ensure they are within the appropriate range for shrimp. If water quality parameters are less than optimal, farmers must first adjust them.

3. Prepare Harvest Equipment

The following partial harvest preparation that must be done is to prepare the equipment for harvesting. Farmers must ensure that all necessary equipment, such as nets, pumps, and baskets to accommodate harvested shrimp, is available. In addition, it must also be assured that all equipment is clean and working correctly.

4. Transportation Preparation

Farmers also have to prepare transportation for harvested shrimp. This ensures the shrimp are transported quickly and efficiently to the processing site.

Also Read: How to Cultivate Vannamei Shrimp from Preparation to Harvest

Partial Harvest Process

Partial harvesting usually uses nets to take 30% of the total shrimp population in the pond. After that, the shrimp are typically put in a container that has been prepared on the side of the pond.

The harvesting process involves placing nets at the bottom of the ponds, spreading the feed, and waiting a few moments for the shrimp to approach the nets to harvest them. This method is quite effective to do.

Harvesting usually starts at night, when the shrimp swim more freely. Feeding should be stopped a few hours before harvest. The process includes the following steps: turning off the aerator near the trap, lowering the net to the bottom of the pond, spreading a few handfuls of feed over the net area, and then waiting about 3-10 minutes.

Pull the net using the rope tied at the corners when a lot of shrimp are trapped. However, it is necessary to ensure that the number of shrimp caught is at most 30% of the total population in the pond.

Benefits of Partial Harvesting Vannamei Shrimp

Partial harvesting is a technique that harvests only a portion of the shrimp in the pond, leaving the rest to grow to a specific size. This harvest can be done several times during the production cycle, allowing farmers to maximize profits.

One of the main benefits of partial harvesting is that it allows farmers to take advantage of fluctuations in the price of vannamei shrimp on the market. By harvesting only a portion, farmers can manage sales to coincide with periods when shrimp prices are rising.

Partial harvests can also help farmers reduce production costs. Farmers can avoid the costs associated with harvesting and processing large quantities of shrimp all at once by only harvesting a portion at a time. This includes labor, equipment and transportation costs.

Apart from the economic side, partial harvest is also beneficial from the health side of the shrimp. By allowing some of the shrimp in the pond to continue to grow, farmers can help maintain a healthy ecosystem. This can help farmers reduce the risk of disease outbreaks and other problems during farming.

Also Read: 4 Types of Vannamei Shrimp Harvest Time

Harvest Your Shrimp with DELOS!

Partial harvesting of vannamei shrimp can help reduce shrimp density in ponds. This technique can be profitable for farmers to maximize profits when cultivating.

For those who need assistance with the partial harvest process, DELOS is the right choice for you.

DELOS is the best science, technology and operational management-based aquatech company to help you manage your shrimp pond. Including one of them is the harvesting process. Our harvesting process is carried out by experts in a transparent manner and at the best price.

Also, DELOS has an integrated supply chain, AquaLink, to connect you with producers and farm owners to obtain and sell pond products at competitive prices.

Contact the DELOS Team via contact@delosaqua.com or submit via the contact column on our website, www.delosaqua.com, to join our ecosystem and explore new opportunities in the aquaculture sector.

11Mar

News

DELOS Maritime Institute Successfully Holds a Webinar on Shrimp Diseases with Famous Speakers

Jakarta, March 11, 2023, DELOS Maritime Institute successfully held an OPINI DMI Webinar with the theme “Berdamai dengan Penyakit Udang: Tantangan Budidaya di Era Gempuran Penyakit Udang” and presented two well-known speakers, namely Dr. Ir. Heny Budi Utari M. Kes. and Wayan Agus Edhy.

The OPINI DMI Webinar event is held online via the zoom platform and DELOS YouTube lives broadcast. Approximately 250 participants, including Fisheries Extension Officers, Civil Servants, students, civil servants, and the general public, attended to learn about shrimp diseases that always haunt every aquaculture.

Vaname shrimp farming has become an important part of the global seafood industry, with a total production of more than 40 billion dollars annually. However, on the other hand, disease attacks are always lurking and continue to threaten the sustainability of this industry. The OPINI DMI webinar will increase knowledge and awareness of shrimp diseases.

Dr. Heny, a shrimp disease expert, discussed “Berdamai dengan Penyakit Udang: Tantangan Budidaya di Era Gempuran Penyakit Udang”. Her presentation highlighted how the disease is a limiting factor for successful aquaculture, how shrimp disease develops yearly, and the lessons that can be learned from disease attacks for future aquaculture.

Not only that, Dr. Heny also shared tips on disease prevention and control, such as implementing biosecurity, proper location and layout of ponds, making WWTPs in ponds, cleaning reservoirs, and implementing strict health protocols.

The discussion was continued by Wayan Agus Edhy, Tambak Co-Lead of DELOS, who discussed “Water Quality Management and Disease Mitigation”. With his experience, Pak Wayan emphasizes the importance of proper water management in shrimp disease prevention and control.

Based on Pak Wayan’s presentation, monitoring water quality, such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, to Total Organic Matter (TOM) must always be ensured for its optimal value so that shrimp farming can run well and shrimp usually grow.

The discussion continued with a very interactive question session from the zoom meeting and the comments column for the DELOS YouTube live broadcast. The participants were enthusiastic about asking questions and engaging in discussions with two expert sources.

This discussion session provided an excellent opportunity for participants to learn from experts with years of experience in the shrimp farming industry.

As one of Indonesia’s well-known aquaculture education and training institutions, DELOS Maritime Institute is committed to continuing to provide the best educational facilities for fans of the world of aquaculture, one of which is through this OPINI DMI Webinar.

DELOS Maritime Institute plans to continue the OPINI DMI Webinars series every month regularly. This event will continue to bring together experts to discuss the latest trends and innovations in shrimp farming and provide participants with valuable insights and practical solutions.

The DELOS Maritime Institute will continue its education and training program, namely DELOS Maritime Institute Batch 3. It is planned that registration for the DMI Batch 3 program will open on April 17 – June 1 2023.

For this reason, so you don’t miss any information about the OPINI DMI Webinar and the DELOS Maritime Institute Batch 3, make sure you follow our social media on Instagram @delos.institute and @delos.aqua.

For those who didn’t have time to participate in the OPINI DMI Webinar live, you can watch the replay via YouTube DELOS or click here.

09Mar

Disease

Getting to Know the Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) in Vannamei Shrimp

Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) is a highly contagious disease affecting shrimp aquaculture worldwide. This disease can cause death up to 40-90% in post-larvae and juvenile stages.

The Taura Syndrome virus was first identified in 1992 during an outbreak that caused economic losses in Ecuador. Since then, TSV disease has become a significant concern in the aquaculture industry.

So, what are the signs that shrimp are infected with Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV), and how is it treated? Come on, find out more in this article.

Also Read: 7 Types of Shrimp Diseases that Often Occur During Cultivation

What is TSV?

Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) is a disease of vannamei shrimp caused by an infectious virus that affects shrimp farming in various parts of the world. The disease caused by this virus first appeared in Ecuador in 1992. However, it later spread to Asian regions by importing infected fry and broodstock.

TSV is classified as a small icosahedral virus that belongs to the virus family called Dicistroviridae. This virus has a single-stranded RNA genome of about ten kilobases.

The Taura Syndrome virus infects the hepatopancreas, the digestive gland of the shrimp, and causes severe necrosis, which results in the death of organ function. This virus can also cause gill discoloration, lethargy, and mass death.

Transmission of Taura Syndrome Virus

Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) is transmitted through water, infected shrimp and contaminated equipment. This virus can also be transmitted vertically from infected broodstock to the resulting fry.

In addition, shrimp that have been infected with TSV can still be carriers of the virus for the rest of their lives. Migratory birds, aquatic insects, and humans can also be a route for transmission of this virus.

The Taura Syndrome Virus can also infect through the excrement of seagulls that previously ate shrimp infected with this virus.

Symptoms of TSV in Vannamei Shrimp

Vannamei shrimp that are attacked by TSV usually show more than one symptom. Here are some common symptoms:

Shrimp become lethargic
Decreased appetite
The prawns gathered at the edge of the pond when they were almost dead
High and sudden death rates in post larvae and juvenile shrimp.
The shrimp’s stomach is empty, and the shrimp’s body is pale red
Fan tail and shrimp pleopods are red
Shrimp shells softened
There are dark spots that are randomly distributed on the cuticle of the shrimp.

Also Read: Recognize 7 Characteristics of AHPND Disease in Vannamei Shrimp Before It’s Too Late

How to Detect TSV Disease

Detection of Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) disease can be done by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method, gross pathology, in situ hybridize, and bioassay. However, detection by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is the most accurate method that can be done.

Examination by the PCR method consisted of three stages, namely extraction of DNA/RNA samples for preparation of prints, DNA/RNA amplification with the help of a PCR machine (thermocycler) and analysis of the amplification results by electrophoresis, DNA/RNA staining and documentation with a Polaroid camera.

Control and Treatment

Until now, no vaccine is available to prevent transmitting this TSV disease. The precautions that farmers can take at this time is to control its spread.

One of the most effective preventive measures is to ensure the use of broodstock and frying free of the Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV). In addition, regular testing of shrimp populations and strict biosecurity measures can also help reduce the risk of infection.

Also Read: Get to Know the Covert Mortality Nodavirus (CMNV) which Can Attack Vannamei Shrimp

Overcome TSV Disease in Vannamei Shrimp with DELOS!

Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) disease significantly threatens the vannamei shrimp farming industry worldwide. Understanding the symptoms and how to detect this disease is very important for farmers to prevent high losses.

For those worried that your vannamei shrimp farming will be attacked by TSV, you can take early prevention by making proper pond preparation and management with DELOS.

DELOS has Farm Management that can assist you in managing shrimp ponds according to international standards.

Together with a reliable and experienced scientific and operational team for many years, DELOS is ready to assist you in managing your shrimp ponds, including mitigating if the disease is detected in your shrimp ponds.

To become part of DELOS, contact contact@delosaqua.com or ask questions via the contact box on our website at www.delosaqua.com. Trust your shrimp pond management to DELOS!

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Source:

Surfianti, dkk. 2010. Deteksi Penyakit TSV (Taura Syndrome Virus) secara PCR pada Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) dengan Berbagai Ekstrasi, Suhu dan Waktu Penyimpanan. Hamera Zoa – Majalah Ilmu Kehewanan Indonesia Volume II Nomor 1, Desember 2010.

Susanti, E. 2016. Identeksi Virus TSV (Taura Syndrome Virus) pada Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus Vannamei) di Kabupaten Mempawah Hilir dengan Metode PCR (Polymerase Chain Reuction). Skripsi. Pontianak: Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak.

Koesharyani, dkk. 2015. Sebaran Infeksi Taura Syndrome, Infectious Myonecrosis, dan Panaeus vannamei Nervous Virus (TSV, IMNV, dan PvNV) pada Budidaya Udang Litopenaeus vannamei di Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, dan Bali.

Department of Agriculture, Water, and the Environment of Australia. 2020. Infection with Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV).

07Mar

Tips

Tips on Taking Care of Shrimp Ponds During the Rainy Season

Taking care of shrimp ponds during the rainy season is the biggest challenge for farmers during cultivation. High rainfall is very risky for ponds because it can disrupt the balance of water parameters, directly impacting the health and productivity of shrimp ponds.

To ensure the long-term sustainability and profitability of shrimp farms, farmers must have a solid understanding of best practices for managing shrimp ponds during the rainy season.

In this article, we will discuss some tips and strategies on taking care of shrimp shrimp ponds during the rainy season so farmers can minimize risks and maximize aquaculture productivity.

Also Read: 7 Types of Shrimp Diseases that Often Occur During Cultivation

The Impact of the Rainy Season on Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation

The water quality parameter is the primary indicator of the success of vannamei shrimp cultivation. Optimal water quality can make vannamei shrimp farming a great success. On the other hand, poor and drastically changing water quality can cause vannamei shrimp to become stressed and susceptible to disease.

Following are some of the impacts of the rainy season on vannamei shrimp cultivation:

1. Temperature Changes

When it rains, pond water temperatures can drop to 2-3°C. Low temperatures make water conditions less than optimal, impacting metabolic rates and making shrimp activity slower, and they tend to gather at the bottom of the pond.

Not only has an impact on shrimp, but the activity of decomposing bacteria also decreases when the pond temperature is not in optimal conditions. This causes the accumulation of organic matter present in the ponds

2. Decrease in pH

Rain pH is usually around pH 6.5-7.0. Rain will directly lower the pH by 0.3-1.5 shortly.

3. Changes in Salinity and Alkalinity.

Rain can cause pond water to become thinner, so the salinity and alkalinity numbers also go down.

When the salinity drops, the shrimp will molt. However, the limited availability of minerals can lead to disease infection and cannibalism among shrimp.

4. Plankton Population and Organic Matter Accumulation

The impact of the rainy season on vannamei shrimp cultivation is the death of phytoplankton due to changes in water quality parameters. The dead phytoplankton will also accumulate as organic matter at the pond’s bottom.

The rainy season also makes the shrimp’s diet abnormal and tends to be lower. Therefore, the remaining feed will be more, and the processing is also slower and causing the accumulation of organic matter to increase.

5. Decreased Shrimp Immunity Level

Changes in water quality parameters due to rainwater can cause the ecosystem where shrimp live to become unstable. In addition, sudden changes can cause shrimp to become stressed, and experience decreased immunity, making them susceptible to disease infections.

Also Read: 5 Tips on Managing Vannamei Shrimp Ponds

Tips for Taking Care of Shrimp Ponds During the Rainy Season

1. Proper Pond Preparation

Preparing a proper pond is very important to maintain the health of the shrimp pond during the rainy season. Shrimp farmers must ensure that their ponds are cleaned properly and free of waste and impurities before the rainy season arrives.

In addition, it is necessary to construct suitable drainage channels and install pumps to drain the sewage to control the water level.

2. Maintaining Optimal Water Quality

Water quality is essential for successful cultivation, especially when the rainy season arrives. Excessive rainfall can cause a decrease in optimal conditions for pond water quality parameters.

Therefore, farmers must continue to monitor water quality regularly and take appropriate action when the rainy season comes, for example, by adding an aerator, adjusting the pH and salinity levels, reducing the frequency of feeding, and maintaining optimal water conditions.

3. Disease Management

Tips for taking care of shrimp ponds during the next rainy season are good disease management. During the rainy season, the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses, increases. This can cause shrimp to be susceptible to disease.

Farmers must take preventive measures, such as disinfecting ponds and equipment, implementing good hygiene and biosecurity protocols, and always monitoring for signs of shrimp disease.

4. Adjust Feeding

Feed management is an important aspect that must be considered when caring for shrimp ponds during the rainy season, where farmers must adjust their feeding schedule based on weather conditions and pond water quality.

Overfeeding can lead to poor water quality and increase the risk of disease. While giving less feed can inhibit the growth of shrimp.

In addition, make sure the feed given is of high quality and free from pathogenic contamination.

5. Always Monitor Weather Conditions

The last tip on taking care of shrimp ponds during rainy season is always to monitor weather conditions. Rainfall sometimes cannot be predicted precisely and accurately, so farmers must prepare what actions to take when it rains.

Some things that can be done include closing the pond and reducing the feed. In addition, always be alert for signs of flooding that can cause water quality problems and damage pond infrastructure.

Also Read: 5 Tips for Accelerating Vannamei Shrimp Growth When Cultivating

Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation More Productive with DELOS!

Maintaining and taking care of a shrimp pond during the rainy season can be a big challenge and a high risk. This is because rainwater directly affects the water quality parameters of ponds where vannamei shrimp live.

Therefore, farmers must make special preparations before the rainy season arrives. So, for those of you who want to start vannamei shrimp farming or increase your shrimp ponds’ productivity, DELOS is the right choice.

DELOS is the best science, technology, and operational management-based aqua-tech company that can help you increase the productivity of your vannamei shrimp farming.

DELOS Farm Management is also integrated with the AquaHero application, making it easier for you to monitor the condition of the shrimp in the pond just through the gadget every day.

To join the DELOS ecosystem, contact contact@delosaqua.com or submit via the contact column on our website, www.delosaqua.com. Vannamei shrimp farming is more productive with DELOS!